| Selector | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| [] | Existence Matches a specific attribute (whatever it's value) |
p[class] Targets any <p> element with an attribute called class |
| [-] | Equality Matches a specific attribute with a specific value |
p[class='dog'] targets any <p> element with an attribute called class whose value is dog |
| [~=] | Space Matches a specific attribute whose value appears in a space-separated list of words |
p[class~='dog'] Targets any <p> element with an attribute called class whose value is a list of space-separated words, one of which is dog |
| [^=] | Prefix Matches a specific attribute whose value begins with a specific string |
p[attr^'d'] Targets any <p> element with an attribute whose value begins with the letter 'd' |
| [*=] | Substring Matches a specific attribute whose value contains a specific substring |
p[attr*'do'] Targets any <p> element with an attribute whose value contains the letters 'do' |
| [$=] | Suffix Matches a specific attribute whose value ends with a specific string |
p[attr$'g'] Targets any <p> element with an attribute whose value ends with the letter 'g' |
| Selector | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| :active | a:active | Selects the active link |
| :checked | input:checked | Selects every checked <input> element |
| :disabled | input:disabled | Selects every disabled <input> element |
| :empty | p:empty | Selects every <p> element that has no children |
| :enabled | input:enabled | Selects every enabled <input> element |
| :first-child | p:first-child | Selects every <p> elements that is the first child of its parent |
| :first-of-type | p:first-of-type | Selects every <p> element that is the first <p> element of its parent |
| :focus | input:focus | Selects the <input> element that has focus |
| :hover | a:hover | Selects links on mouse over |
| :in-range | input:in-range | Selects <input> elements with a value within a specified range |
| :invalid | input:invalid | Selects all <input> elements with an invalid value |
| :lang(language) | p:lang(it) | Selects every <p> element with a lang attribute value starting with "it" |
| :last-child | p:last-child | Selects every <p> elements that is the last child of its parent |
| :last-of-type | p:last-of-type | Selects every <p> element that is the last <p> element of its parent |
| :link | a:link | Selects all unvisited links |
| :not(selector) | :not(p) | Selects every element that is not a <p> element |
| :nth-child(n) | p:nth-child(2) | Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent |
| :nth-last-child(n) | p:nth-last-child(2) | Selects every <p> element that is the second child of its parent, counting from the last child |
| :nth-last-of-type(n) | p:nth-last-of-type(2) | Selects every <p> element that is the second <p> element of its parent, counting from the last child |
| :only-of-type | p:only-of-type | Selects every <p> element that is the only <p> element of its parent |
| :optional | input:optional | Selects <input> elements with no "required" attribute |
| :out-of-range | input:out-of-range | Selects <input> elements with a value outside a specified range |
| :read-only | input:read-only | Selects <input> elements with a "readonly" attribute specified |
| :read-write | input:read-write | Selects <input> elements with no "readonly" attribute |
| :required | input:required | Selects <input> elements with a "required" attribute specified |
| :root | root | Selects the document's root element |
| :target | #news:target | Selects the current active #news element (clicked on a URL containing that anchor name) |
| :valid | input:valid | Selects all <input> elements with a valid value |
| :visited | a:visited | Selects all visited links |
| Selector | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| ::after | p::after | Insert content after every <p> element |
| ::before | p::before | Insert content before every <p> element |
| ::first-letter | p::first-letter | Selects the first letter of every <p> element |
| ::first-line | p::first-line | Selects the first line of every <p> element |
| ::selection | p::selection | Selects the portion of an element that is selected by a user |
| Selector | Example | Description |
|---|---|---|
| :link | a:link | Selects all unvisited links |
| :visited | a:visited | Selects all visited links |
| :hover | a:hover | Selects links on mouse over |
| :active | a:active | Selects the active link |